Name | Furan |
Synonyms | Furan tetrol Tetrole 2-ACETOFURONE Furan resin F03 Furan Resin (F03) rcrawastenumberu124 1-(2-FURANYL)ETHANONE 1-(2-FURYL)ETHAN-1-ONE 1,4-epoxy-1,3-butadiene |
CAS | 110-00-9 |
EINECS | 203-727-3 |
InChI | InChI=1/C4H4O/c1-2-4-5-3-1/h1-4H |
InChIKey | YLQBMQCUIZJEEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
Molecular Formula | C4H4O |
Molar Mass | 68.07 |
Density | 0.936 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.) |
Melting Point | -85.6 °C |
Boling Point | 67°C10mm Hg(lit.) |
Flash Point | 160°F |
Water Solubility | insoluble |
Solubility | alcohols: freely soluble |
Vapor Presure | 1672 mm Hg ( 55 °C) |
Vapor Density | 2.35 (vs air) |
Appearance | Liquid |
Color | Clear colorless to yellow |
Exposure Limit | NIOSH: IDLH 13 ppm |
Merck | 14,4296 |
BRN | 103221 |
Storage Condition | Store below +30°C. |
Stability | Stable. Substances to be avoided include strong oxidising agents, acids, peroxides and oxygen. Highly flammable; can form explosive mixtures with air. |
Sensitive | Air & Light Sensitive |
Explosive Limit | 2.3-14.3%(V) |
Refractive Index | n20/D 1.5070(lit.) |
Physical and Chemical Properties | Colorless liquid. Melting point 85.65 ℃, boiling point 31.36 ℃, relative density 0.9514(20/4 ℃), refractive index 1.4214, flash point -35 ℃. Soluble in ethanol, ether, soluble in acetone and benzene, insoluble in water. Long storage or see light easily Brown, stable to the alkali solution, in case of mineral acid or heating evaporation can resin. |
Use | Used as raw materials and solvents for organic synthesis |
Risk Codes | R45 - May cause cancer R12 - Extremely Flammable R19 - May form explosive peroxides R20/22 - Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed. R38 - Irritating to the skin R48/22 - Harmful danger of serious damage to health by prolonged exposure if swallowed. R52/53 - Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment. R68 - Possible risk of irreversible effects |
Safety Description | S53 - Avoid exposure - obtain special instructions before use. S45 - In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show the label whenever possible.) S61 - Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions / safety data sheets. S - |
UN IDs | UN 2811 6.1/PG 2 |
WGK Germany | 3 |
RTECS | OB3870000 |
FLUKA BRAND F CODES | 8-9-23 |
TSCA | Yes |
HS Code | 2932 19 00 |
Hazard Class | 3 |
Packing Group | I |
Toxicity | LC (in air) in rats: 30400 ppm (Henderson) |
Raw Materials | 2-Furaldehyde |
Downstream Products | 2-Acetylfuran pyrrole |
colorless transparent liquid with chloroform odor. Melting Point -85. 68 °c. Boiling Point 32 degrees C (0.lMPa). Relative density 0. 937 (20 ℃). Refractive index 1.4214(209 degrees C). Flash point -40 °c (opening). Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol and ether, etc. Volatile, and easy to burn, unstable to acid. It is easy to turn brown when stored for a long time or visible light, and it will be resinated when exposed to mineral acid or heated and evaporated. The explosion limit V (%) is 1.3 above and 14.3 below.
for the preparation of pyrrole, thiophene, tetrahydrofuran and other important organic chemical intermediates. In the pharmaceutical industry for the manufacture of hyoscyamine, atropine and anti-inflammatory drugs.
olfactory Threshold | 9.9ppm |
LogP | 1.34 |
NIST chemical information | information provided by: webbook.nist.gov (external link) |
(IARC) carcinogen classification | 2B (Vol. 63) 1995 |
EPA chemical substance information | information provided by: ofmpeb.epa.gov (external link) |
physical properties | furan is also known as "oxygen (heterocene)". Formula C4H4O. Molecular weight 68.07. Colorless liquid, with special odor, placed Brown, plus a small amount of water can delay discoloration. Solidification Point -86 ℃, boiling point 31.4 ℃, relative density 0.938, refractive index 1.4216. Insoluble in water, soluble in ethanol, ether., Volatile, easy to burn, stable to alkali, unstable to acid, and mineral acid contact polymerization. Its vapor is narcotic. Exposure to peroxides in air. Preparation Method: 2-furan carboxylic acid decarboxylation, or directly the furfural drop in the molten sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide mixture, can also be obtained by distillation of rosin. Purposes: for the synthesis of pyrrole, Tetrahydrofuran, thiophene, used as a solvent. In the drug there are a variety of furan derivatives such as furazolidone, nitrofurantoin and so on. |
raw materials for organic synthesis | furan is an important raw material for organic synthesis industry, which can be used to manufacture pyrrole, thiophene, tetrahydrofuran and benzofuran and other chemical raw materials, but also the manufacture of drugs anisodamine, atropine, sodium tosyl pyrrole acetate, furanthiamine and furan, etc. After the oxidation polymerization of furan, the conductive polymer can be obtained, and the conductivity is 18S/m (AsF5 is used as the oxidant) or 2.2 × 10-4S/m (NOSbF6 is used as the oxidant). Furan is unstable and prone to oxidation and polymerization. The catalytic hydrogenation of furan gives tetrahydrofuran. Many derivatives of furan are drugs, such as furfural, furfuryl alcohol, furan carboxylic acid, furacilin, furan propylamine, furosemide, etc. In some monosaccharides such as fructose and ribose and their derivatives, there is a cyclic structure of hydrogenated furan. |
hazard | furan is highly volatile, with a boiling point of only 31 ℃, and is easily absorbed by the lungs or intestines through biofilm exposure in the air, cause Head Pain, dizziness, Nausea, Vomit, Respiratory Insufficiency and other symptoms, the liver, kidney and other damage, and even induce cancer. |
uses | mainly used for the production of large quantities of hot core box process core adhesive furan used as raw materials and solvents for organic synthesis. Furan can be used to prepare pyrrole, thiophene, Tetrahydrofuran, etc., tetrahydrofuran is an important derivative of furan, there are many important uses. Furan is etherified and reduced to obtain 2, 5-dimethoxydihydrofuran, which is hydrolyzed to form 2-hydroxy-1, 4-butanedial and can be used in the production of synthetic anisodamine, when 2, 5-dimethoxytetrahydrofuran is obtained by reduction and then catalytic hydrogenation, butanedial is produced by hydrolysis, which is a raw material for the synthesis of another alkaloid atropine. Furan is also used in the production of the anti-inflammatory drug, sodium acetate, which consumes 4.75t of furan per ton of the drug. |
production method | 2-furancarboxylic acid is obtained by oxidation of furfural, and furan is obtained by decarboxylation. 2-furanic acid is heated to 200-205 °c (boiling point or so), I .e., it decomposes into furan and carbon dioxide. During the reaction, the sublimed 2-furanic acid was returned to the reactor, and the distilled furan was re-distilled to collect the 31-34 °c fraction to obtain a relatively pure product. The yield was about 75%. Direct decarbonylation from furfural is commercially available. The catalyst used in the reaction includes aluminum silicate, metal oxide or hydroxide, and alloys or mixtures of metals, such as a mixture of zinc chromite and manganese, at a reaction temperature of about 400 ° C. And a yield of 90%. The yield can reach 74% in large scale production. |
category | flammable liquid |
toxicity grade | poisoning |
Acute toxicity | inhalation-rat LC50:3398 PPM/1 hour; Inhalation-mouse LC50:120 mg/m3/1 h |
explosive hazard characteristics | explosive when mixed with air |
flammability hazard characteristics | in case of open flame, high temperature, flammable oxidant; Combustion stimulus smoke |
storage and transportation characteristics | The warehouse is ventilated and dried at low temperature; Stored separately from oxidants and acids |
extinguishing agent | dry powder, dry sand, carbon dioxide, foam, 1211 extinguishing agent |
Occupational Standard | TLV-TWA: 0.5 mg/m3 |
spontaneous combustion temperature | 390°C |
toxic substance data | information provided by: pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov (external link) |
immediate life-and health-threatening concentration | 13 ppm (35.1 mg/m3) |